fix(gateway): migrate jjwt to 0.12.6 and fix removed Spring WebClient FormDataSpec

- CasdoorIdTokenVerifier: RSAKey does not exist in any jjwt release;
  build RSAPublicKey from JWKS n/e via RSAPublicKeySpec, use 0.12 parser API
- JwtUtils / UserService: parserBuilder/parseClaimsJws -> parser()/parseSignedClaims
- CasdoorClient: WebClient.RequestBodySpec.FormDataSpec removed in Spring 6.2,
  use BodyInserters.FormDataSpec

backend/api-gateway/pom.xml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
     <properties>
         <spring-boot.version>3.5.6</spring-boot.version>
         <spring-cloud.version>2025.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
-        <jjwt.version>0.11.5</jjwt.version>
+        <jjwt.version>0.12.6</jjwt.version>
     </properties>
 
     <dependencies>

backend/api-gateway/src/main/java/com/deepdata/gateway/domain/service/UserService.java

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public class UserService {
                 .claim("role", user.getRole())
                 .setIssuedAt(new Date(now))
                 .setExpiration(new Date(now + expirationSeconds * 1000))
-                .signWith(Keys.hmacShaKeyFor(secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)), SignatureAlgorithm.HS256);
+                .signWith(Keys.hmacShaKeyFor(secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
         if (user.getUserGroups() != null && !user.getUserGroups().isEmpty()) {
             builder.claim("groups", user.getUserGroups());
         }
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ public class UserService {
 
     public String validateToken(String token) {
         try {
-            Jws<Claims> claimsJws = Jwts.parserBuilder().setSigningKey(Keys.hmacShaKeyFor(secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))).build().parseClaimsJws(token);
+            Jws<Claims> claimsJws = Jwts.parser().verifyWith(Keys.hmacShaKeyFor(secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))).build().parseSignedClaims(token);
-            return claimsJws.getBody().getSubject();
+            return claimsJws.getPayload().getSubject();
         } catch (JwtException | IllegalArgumentException ex) {
             return null;
         }

backend/api-gateway/src/main/java/com/deepdata/gateway/infrastructure/casdoor/CasdoorClient.java

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public class CasdoorClient {
      * 非 2xx 解析错误 JSON 并抛出带 error_description 的异常。
      */
     private Mono<CasdoorTokenResponse> postToken(
-            WebClient.RequestBodySpec.FormDataSpec form, String op) {
+            BodyInserters.FormDataSpec form, String op) {
         return webClient.post()
                 .uri(props.getTokenUri())
                 .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)

backend/api-gateway/src/main/java/com/deepdata/gateway/infrastructure/casdoor/CasdoorIdTokenVerifier.java

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import com.deepdata.gateway.infrastructure.casdoor.dto.JwksResponse;
 import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
 import io.jsonwebtoken.Jws;
 import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
-import io.jsonwebtoken.security.RSAKey;
 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 import org.springframework.http.client.reactive.ReactorClientHttpConnector;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@@ -13,6 +12,11 @@ import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 import reactor.netty.http.client.HttpClient;
 
 import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.security.KeyFactory;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
+import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
+import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Base64;
 import java.util.HashMap;
@@ -22,7 +26,7 @@ import java.util.Optional;
 
 /**
  * Casdoor id_token 验证器：拉取公开 JWKS（带 TTL 缓存），按 {@code kid} 选 RSA 公钥，
- * 用 JJWT（0.11.5，与网关现有 JWT 栈一致）做 RS256 验签 + iss/aud/exp/nbf 校验。
+ * 用 JJWT（0.12.x）做 RS256 验签 + iss/aud/exp/nbf 校验。
  *
  * <p>实测（2026-08-30）：JWKS 端点 {@code /.well-known/jwks.json} 无需鉴权，返回
  * <pre>{"keys":[{"use":"sig","kty":"RSA","kid":"cert-built-in","alg":"RS256","n":"...","e":"AQAB","x5c":["..."]}]}</pre>
@@ -40,10 +44,10 @@ public class CasdoorIdTokenVerifier {
     private final CasdoorProperties props;
     private final WebClient webClient;
 
-    /** JWKS 缓存（kid → RSAKey），证书轮转时靠 TTL / kid 未命中强制刷新 */
+    /** JWKS 缓存（kid → RSAPublicKey），证书轮转时靠 TTL / kid 未命中强制刷新 */
     private volatile CacheEntry cache;
 
-    private record CacheEntry(long fetchedAtMillis, Map<String, RSAKey> keys) {}
+    private record CacheEntry(long fetchedAtMillis, Map<String, RSAPublicKey> keys) {}
 
     public CasdoorIdTokenVerifier(CasdoorProperties props) {
         this.props = props;
@@ -62,7 +66,7 @@ public class CasdoorIdTokenVerifier {
     public Mono<IdTokenClaims> verify(String idToken) {
         return parseAndVerify(idToken, false)
                 .flatMap(jws -> {
-                    Claims body = jws.getBody();
+                    Claims body = jws.getPayload();
                     IdTokenClaims claims = new IdTokenClaims(
                             body.getSubject(),
                             body.get("name", String.class),
@@ -123,26 +127,26 @@ public class CasdoorIdTokenVerifier {
                 });
     }
 
-    private Jws<Claims> parseWithKid(String idToken, Map<String, RSAKey> keys) {
+    private Jws<Claims> parseWithKid(String idToken, Map<String, RSAPublicKey> keys) {
-        String kid = Jwts.parserBuilder().build().readHeader(idToken).get("kid", String.class);
+        String kid = Jwts.parser().build().parse(idToken).getHeader().get("kid", String.class);
-        RSAKey key = keys.get(kid);
+        RSAPublicKey key = keys.get(kid);
         if (key == null) {
             log.warn("casdoor jwks: kid [{}] not cached, size={}", kid, keys.size());
             return null;
         }
         try {
-            return Jwts.parserBuilder()
+            return Jwts.parser()
-                    .setSigningKey(key)
+                    .verifyWith(key)
                     .requireIssuer(props.getIssuer())
                     .requireAudience(props.getClientId())
                     .build()
-                    .parseClaimsJws(idToken);
+                    .parseSignedClaims(idToken);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new CasdoorIdTokenException("id_token verification failed: " + e.getMessage(), e);
         }
     }
 
-    private Mono<Map<String, RSAKey>> loadKeys(boolean forced) {
+    private Mono<Map<String, RSAPublicKey>> loadKeys(boolean forced) {
         CacheEntry current = cache;
         long ttlMillis = props.getJwksCacheSeconds() * 1000L;
         if (!forced && current != null
@@ -154,7 +158,7 @@ public class CasdoorIdTokenVerifier {
                 .retrieve()
                 .bodyToMono(JwksResponse.class)
                 .map(jwks -> {
-                    Map<String, RSAKey> keys = new HashMap<>();
+                    Map<String, RSAPublicKey> keys = new HashMap<>();
                     if (jwks.getKeys() != null) {
                         for (JwksResponse.Jwk jwk : jwks.getKeys()) {
                             if ("RSA".equals(jwk.getKty()) && jwk.getKid() != null
@@ -170,10 +174,15 @@ public class CasdoorIdTokenVerifier {
                 .doOnError(e -> log.error("casdoor jwks fetch failed: {}", e.getMessage(), e));
     }
 
-    private static RSAKey toRsaKey(JwksResponse.Jwk jwk) {
+    private static RSAPublicKey toRsaKey(JwksResponse.Jwk jwk) {
         BigInteger n = new BigInteger(1, Base64.getUrlDecoder().decode(jwk.getN()));
         BigInteger e = new BigInteger(1, Base64.getUrlDecoder().decode(jwk.getE()));
-        return new RSAKey.Builder(n, e).build();
+        try {
+            return (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
+                    .generatePublic(new RSAPublicKeySpec(n, e));
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
+            throw new CasdoorIdTokenException("invalid JWKS RSA key: " + ex.getMessage(), ex);
+        }
     }
 
     /** id_token 验证失败（签名/iss/aud/exp 任一不过，或 JWKS 不可用） */

backend/shared/security-common/pom.xml

@@ -28,18 +28,18 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
             <artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
-            <version>0.11.5</version>
+            <version>0.12.6</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
             <artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
-            <version>0.11.5</version>
+            <version>0.12.6</version>
             <scope>runtime</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
             <artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
-            <version>0.11.5</version>
+            <version>0.12.6</version>
             <scope>runtime</scope>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>

backend/shared/security-common/src/main/java/com/deepdata/common/security/JwtUtils.java

@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ public class JwtUtils {
         tokenClaims.put("sub", username);
 
         return Jwts.builder()
-            .setClaims(tokenClaims)
+            .claims(tokenClaims)
-            .setSubject(username)
+            .subject(username)
-            .setIssuedAt(new Date())
+            .issuedAt(new Date())
-            .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000))
+            .expiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000))
-            .signWith(getSigningKey(), SignatureAlgorithm.HS512)
+            .signWith(getSigningKey())
             .compact();
     }
 
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ public class JwtUtils {
      * 从令牌中获取声明
      */
     public Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
-        return Jwts.parserBuilder()
+        return Jwts.parser()
-            .setSigningKey(getSigningKey())
+            .verifyWith(getSigningKey())
             .build()
-            .parseClaimsJws(token)
+            .parseSignedClaims(token)
-            .getBody();
+            .getPayload();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ public class JwtUtils {
         claims.setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000));
 
         return Jwts.builder()
-            .setClaims(claims)
+            .claims(claims)
-            .signWith(getSigningKey(), SignatureAlgorithm.HS512)
+            .signWith(getSigningKey())
             .compact();
     }
 }