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"""
基础异常类和错误码定义
"""
from typing import Any
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ErrorCode:
"""
不可变的错误码定义
属性:
code: 错误码字符串(如 "annotation.0001")
message: 人类可读的错误消息
http_status: HTTP状态码(业务错误默认为400)
"""
code: str
message: str
http_status: int = 400
def __post_init__(self):
"""验证错误码格式"""
if not isinstance(self.code, str):
raise ValueError(f"错误码必须是字符串,实际类型: {type(self.code)}")
if not self.code:
raise ValueError("错误码不能为空")
class BaseError(Exception):
"""
所有应用异常的基类
所有自定义异常都应该继承此类。
提供自动的错误码和消息处理。
使用示例:
raise BusinessError(ErrorCodes.TASK_NOT_FOUND)
客户端将收到:
{
"code": "annotation.0001",
"message": "任务不存在",
"data": null
}
"""
def __init__(
self,
error_code: ErrorCode,
data: Any = None,
*args: Any
):
"""
使用错误码和可选数据初始化异常
Args:
error_code: ErrorCode 实例
data: 附加错误数据(会包含在响应中)
*args: 额外参数(用于兼容性)
"""
self.error_code = error_code
self.data = data
super().__init__(error_code.message, *args)
@property
def code(self) -> str:
"""获取错误码字符串"""
return self.error_code.code
@property
def message(self) -> str:
"""获取错误消息"""
return self.error_code.message
@property
def http_status(self) -> int:
"""获取HTTP状态码"""
return self.error_code.http_status
def to_dict(self) -> dict:
"""将异常转换为响应字典"""
return {
"code": self.code,
"message": self.message,
"data": self.data
}
class SystemError(BaseError):
"""
系统级异常(意外错误)
用于:
- 数据库错误
- 网络错误
- 配置错误
- 编程错误(bug)
系统错误会记录完整的堆栈跟踪
"""
def __init__(self, error_code: ErrorCode, data: Any = None):
super().__init__(error_code, data)
class BusinessError(BaseError):
"""
业务逻辑异常(预期内的错误)
用于:
- 验证失败
- 资源不存在
- 权限不足
- 业务规则违反
业务错误不记录堆栈跟踪(因为它们是预期的)
"""
def __init__(self, error_code: ErrorCode, data: Any = None):
super().__init__(error_code, data)